RD Glossary

E

elemental mate
Checkmate forced with a combination of pieces without pawns against a lone enemy king. Also called "basic mate".
en passant
French: in the act of passing. When a pawn is moved two squares at once from the initial position, it can be captured en passant by another pawn. The rule is that it can be captured with the same move it would be captured had it only moved a single square. Capturing en passant is only possible on the move directly following the advance of the pawn. Example: White has a pawn on b2, Black has a pawn on c4. If White plays now b2-b4 Black can capture this pawn by playing c4-b3.
en prise
Leaving a piece en prise (french): leaving an attacked piece unprotected, ready to be taken by the opponent without getting compensation for it.
endgame
The endgame is the last stage of the game when only few pieces are left on the board. No sharp border between middlegame and endgame exists and it is often unclear when exactly the endgame starts.
english opening
1.c4 - the fourth most popular chess opening move. The English Opening got its name from the English chess master and unofficial world champion Howard Staunton, who employed it in his 1843 match with Saint-Amant.
exchange
Also called "trading pieces". In an exchange, a player gives up one or more piece to win one or more of the opponent's pieces with the same value. Winning or loosing the exchange means that a player captures pieces with higher or lower value than the opponent, respectively.

RD Glossary by Run Digital